Mentoring

WHO ARE CHARLOTTE MENTORS?

Charlotte seeks on- and off-campus professional and faculty mentors including mentors from the large pool of scientists, professionals, writers, historians, and artisans within local, state and federal agencies, and from municipalities, corporations, foundations, and extension and engagement arenas.

CUR Mentoring Expectations from Code of Ethics (2017)

Expectations for Mentors: Mentors are committed to help each student realize his or her potential, stimulating the spirit of inquiry, creativity, acquisition of knowledge and understanding, and formulation of goals (National Education Association 1975). Mentors will not impose their own agenda, and the mentoring relationship must not be exploitative in any way (London Deanery 2014). The mentor is taking on the responsibility of teaching the student the skills, knowledge base, and culture of the student’s area of study (Monte 2001). Mentors will treat all research collaborators fairly and appropriately acknowledge contributions. Mentors must be aware of the limits of their own competence in the practice of mentoring (London Deanery 2014).

Ten best practices of mentorship are identified in Shanahan et al. (2015) and include the following:

• Strategic planning for student needs and commitment of time
• Establishment of clear and well-scaffolded expectations
• Instruction of technical skills within the discipline
• Provision of a balance of rigorous expectations with the support and personal interest of student, allowing increasing responsibility of mentees as they grow or mature
• Assistance with professional development and establishment of professional networks

Additional guidelines are provided in the London Deanery (2014) Coaching and Mentoring Ethical Code of Practice and Barnett (2008):

• Provision of guidance and observance of relevant federal and state laws, and institutional and governmental policies
• Definition and discussion of the relationship of mentors and mentees
• Definition of appropriate boundaries in terms of accessibility, sharing of personal information, and prevention of intrusion in areas that the mentee wishes to keep private until invited to do so

Resource:

• Council on Undergraduate Research (CUR) Code of Ethics for Undergraduate Research, July 2017

Mentoring in Practice

• Position students to become active contributors to the knowledge/artistic pool – indeed – to become excellent mentors themselves.
• Prepare the student for more than the mentor’s research/creative project by including the student in allied functions/responsibilities/social activities within the discipline. This may include taking the student to weekly departmental seminars/socials/lunchbox gatherings and even regional or national meetings. Introduce the student to colleagues and help them obtain a concept of “career” that goes beyond the office/lab/library/studio. Treat them like new graduate students/career employees. Show them what you do (from grant writing to editing of journal proofs). By all means tell them why you love your work! This is how undergraduates fall in love with both the research discipline and a career. Be a role model for the next generation of scholars/artisans.
• Define a contractual agreement that includes time requirements, expectations of performance in a timely way, expected fate of the work (to be published alone or with the mentor; senior thesis; poster presentation and a paper), and a detailed plan of work with “a way out.” The “way out” refers to the need for the mentor to approve a good experimental design and methodology that, if followed closely and if repeatable, is good work even if “positive” results are not found.
• Be sure the research assignment is realistic and developmentally appropriate when considering the past coursework and experience of the student. The student may become frustrated and quit for the wrong reason.
• Graduate students can make excellent mentors and the experience they get while doing so prepares them for mentor roles following their graduation. We ask that faculty retain the key responsibility in establishing the role the graduate student will have with the student and that sufficient oversight is made to assure a beneficial partnership between the undergraduate and the graduate student.
• Build respect through praise of good work and constructive suggestions for improvement.
• Meet on a neutral playing field from time to time, i.e., not always in your office/lab/studio.
• Have weekly progress meetings; this eliminates surprises and stress. The meetings can be as short as 10 minutes or longer as needed. Be a good listener and share your own discoveries, frequently. Establish realistic deadlines for units of work.
• Be sure to volunteer to the student that you wish to write letters of recommendation for employment, scholarships, national fellowship competitions, and admission to advanced degree programs.
• Keep in touch when it’s all over. If you’ve done your job well, keeping in touch will be a pleasure.

Resources:

• “Adviser, Teacher, Role Model, Friend – on being a mentor to students in science and engineering,” National Academy Press, Washington, DC 1997, ISBN 0-309-06363-9
• Council on Undergraduate Research (CUR) QUARTERLY, June 2000, Vol. 19, Number 4. Entire issue
• Council on Undergraduate Research (CUR) Code of Ethics for Undergraduate Research, July 2017
• Smith, K.S. (2001). Faculty development that transforms the undergraduate experience at a research university. In D. Lieberman and C. Wehlburg (Eds.) To improve the academy: Resources for faculty, instructional and organizational development, 193-204. Bolton, MA: Anker Publishing.
• National Education Association. 1975. Code of Ethics.
• London Deanery. 2014. Coaching and Mentoring Ethical Code of Practice.
• Monte, Aaron. 2001. “Mentor Expectations and Student Responsibilities in Undergraduate Research.” CUR Quarterly 22(2): 66–71.
• Barnett, Jeffrey E. 2008. “Mentoring, Boundaries, and Multiple Relationships: Opportunities and Challenges.” Mentoring & Tutoring: Partnership in Learning 16: 3–16.
• Shanahan, Jenny Olin, Elizabeth Ackley-Holbrook, Eric Hall, Kearsley Stewart, and Helen Walkington. 2015. Ten Salient Practices of Undergraduate Research Mentors: A Review of the Literature. Mentoring & Tutoring: Partnership in Learning 23: 359–376.
• Temple, Louise, Thomas Q. Sibley, and Amy J. Orr. 2010. How to Mentor Undergraduate Researchers. Washington, DC: Council on Undergraduate Research.
• NC State’s Responsible Conduct of Research, NSF RCR 101: Foundations in the Responsible Conduct of Research
• Ethics in Computing, by Dr. Edward F. Gehringer (efg@ncsu.edu)
• Lab Safety Modules link from the National Institutes of Health